What Does the Bible Say About Narcissism and Selfishness?

what is narcissism in the bible

Written by Sam

I am Pastor Samuel Harris, the founder and main contributor to this blog. My journey with the Bible and its teachings began at a young age, ultimately leading me to pursue a degree in Theology, and eventually, to my present calling as a pastor.

Last Updated On September 24, 2024

In today’s world, the concept of narcissism has become more prevalent, especially as we navigate relationships, social media, and even leadership dynamics. Narcissism, at its core, refers to an excessive focus on oneself—marked by arrogance, a lack of empathy, and a desire for admiration. While modern psychology provides terms to describe this behavior, the issue of self-centeredness is not a new one. In fact, the Bible has much to say about pride, selfishness, and the human tendency to put oneself above others.

So, as we examine this issue, a key question emerges: What does the Bible say about narcissism, and how does it guide us to address self-centered behavior?

In this post, I’ll explore how the Bible offers timeless wisdom on pride, self-importance, and the contrast between selfish ambition and Christ-like humility. The Scriptures are filled with examples of individuals who, consumed by their own desires, faced downfalls, as well as clear guidance on how we can resist the temptation to focus on ourselves over others.

Understanding Narcissism: A Biblical Perspective

Narcissism, in the context of modern psychology, is often defined as an excessive sense of self-importance, a need for constant admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. Nevertheless, long before psychologists gave this behavior a label, the Bible spoke clearly about the dangers of pride, selfishness, and arrogance. These traits, closely linked to narcissism, are repeatedly warned against in Scripture.

Self-Centeredness in the Bible

At the heart of narcissism lies an inflated sense of self. Biblically, this is described as pride—when a person elevates themselves above others and even above God. The Bible frequently points out that pride is not just a personal flaw but a spiritual danger. It’s a mindset that puts one’s own desires, achievements, and needs above everything else, often to the detriment of others and one’s relationship with God.

Proverbs 16:18 is a famous verse that highlights the ultimate consequence of pride: “Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall.” This verse underscores that unchecked pride leads to downfall. Narcissism is, in many ways, the embodiment of this kind of pride, where the individual becomes their own idol—believing their worth is higher than others, which eventually leads to emotional, relational, or even spiritual collapse.

Humility Over Self-Centeredness

The Bible doesn’t just point out the problem of pride; it also gives us a clear alternative—humility. In Philippians 2:3-4, we are told: “Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility, value others above yourselves, not looking to your own interests but each of you to the interests of others.” This teaching runs completely contrary to the narcissistic mindset that elevates personal ambition and self-importance.

Instead of being driven by self-interest, the Bible calls us to act in humility, considering others as more important than ourselves. This isn’t about devaluing our own worth but about recognizing that we are part of a larger community, where love, service, and empathy are central.

Examples of Narcissism in the Bible

The Bible provides several examples of individuals whose self-centeredness and pride led to their downfall. These stories highlight the destructive nature of narcissism and serve as warnings for us today.

King Saul’s Downfall

One of the clearest examples of narcissistic behavior in the Bible is found in the story of King Saul. At the beginning of his reign, Saul was humble, chosen by God to lead Israel. However, as his power grew, so did his pride and self-interest. Saul’s jealousy and obsession with maintaining his own authority led him to view David, the future king, as a threat. His fixation on himself and his kingdom became so intense that he sought to kill David out of sheer envy.

In 1 Samuel 18, we see the turning point when Saul becomes jealous of David after hearing the people praise David’s victories in battle more than his own. The scripture says, “Saul was very angry; this refrain displeased him greatly. ‘They have credited David with tens of thousands,’ he thought, ‘but me with only thousands. What more can he get but the kingdom?’” This jealousy was rooted in Saul’s narcissistic need for admiration and control, ultimately leading to his downfall as king.

The Pharisees’ Self-Righteousness

Another prominent example of narcissistic behavior can be seen in the Pharisees, the religious leaders during Jesus’ time. The Pharisees were known for their outward displays of piety, strict adherence to religious laws, and a sense of superiority over others. While they appeared righteous, their actions often stemmed from a desire to be seen and admired by others, rather than from a genuine love for God or concern for their community.

In Matthew 23:5-7, Jesus critiques their behavior, saying, “Everything they do is done for people to see: They make their phylacteries wide and the tassels on their garments long; they love the place of honor at banquets and the most important seats in the synagogues; they love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by others.” Their behavior mirrors many traits of narcissism: the need for admiration, status, and self-exaltation.

Jesus warned the Pharisees that their self-centeredness would lead to judgment, saying, “For those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted” (Matthew 23:12).

Lucifer’s Fall from Heaven

Perhaps the most dramatic example of narcissism in the Bible is the story of Lucifer’s fall from heaven. Before his rebellion, Lucifer was a powerful and beautiful angel. But pride led him to seek equality with God, desiring to elevate himself to a place that wasn’t his to claim. His self-obsession and desire for glory caused him to rebel against God, resulting in his expulsion from heaven.

Isaiah 14:12-15 describes Lucifer’s fall: “How you have fallen from heaven, morning star, son of the dawn! … You said in your heart, ‘I will ascend to the heavens; I will raise my throne above the stars of God… I will make myself like the Most High.’ But you are brought down to the realm of the dead, to the depths of the pit.” This passage serves as a powerful reminder that seeking to elevate oneself above others, even above God, ultimately leads to destruction.

With these examples, we see how narcissism manifests in different forms—whether it’s a king consumed by jealousy, religious leaders obsessed with appearances, or a rebellious angel seeking to elevate himself above God. Next, we’ll explore how the Bible offers a remedy to narcissism through humility and love.


Reflect and Relate

We’ve explored several examples of biblical figures who struggled with pride and narcissism, from King Saul’s jealousy to Lucifer’s fall. Now it’s your turn to reflect.


Which biblical figure’s struggle with pride do you relate to most?


Is it Saul’s desire for control, the Pharisees’ need for admiration, or Lucifer’s rebellion against God’s authority? Take a moment to think about how these stories might mirror your own experiences, and consider what steps you can take to move towards humility.


The Antidote to Narcissism: Humility and Love

While the Bible clearly warns against the dangers of narcissism and self-centeredness, it also provides a powerful antidote: humility and love. Rather than focusing on oneself, Scripture teaches that we should model our lives after Christ, who demonstrated the ultimate humility and love by putting others before Himself. This contrast between pride and humility is central to the Christian faith and offers a clear path away from narcissism.

Christ’s Example of Humility

The ultimate example of humility in the Bible is Jesus Christ. Although He had every right to exalt Himself, being divine, Jesus chose to humble Himself for the sake of humanity. Philippians 2:5-8 speaks profoundly of this humility: “In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus: who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to death—even death on a cross!”

Jesus, who had all authority, chose to serve rather than be served. His humility was not weakness but strength—demonstrating that true greatness lies in selfless love and service to others. This mindset of humility directly opposes the traits of narcissism, which are centered on self-promotion and seeking personal glory.

The Greatest Commandment: Love God, Love Others

At the core of Christian teaching is love—love for God and love for others. Jesus emphasizes this in Matthew 22:37-39: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’” These commandments go against the narcissistic tendency to prioritize oneself above others. Instead, they focus on a life that puts God and others first.

When we live out this commandment, it leaves little room for self-centeredness or arrogance. Loving others requires empathy, compassion, and humility—qualities that are fundamentally incompatible with narcissism. True Christian love seeks to lift others up, not to elevate oneself.

Serving Others as the Opposite of Narcissism

In Mark 10:45, Jesus makes a profound statement about His mission: “For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.” Jesus’ entire ministry was marked by serving others—healing the sick, feeding the hungry, and ultimately giving His life for the salvation of humanity.

Serving others is one of the most practical ways to combat narcissism. It forces us to focus on the needs of others and recognize that our worth is not found in being served or admired, but in fulfilling God’s purpose by serving those around us. This act of serving, whether in small ways or life-altering sacrifices, is the direct opposite of the self-centeredness that narcissism promotes.

With this section, we’ve explored how the Bible teaches us to counteract narcissism through the virtues of humility and love, using Christ’s life as the ultimate example. Next, we’ll dive into practical applications for how we can guard against narcissistic tendencies in our daily lives.


Personal Reflection: How Humble Are You?

As we’ve seen, the Bible calls us to walk in humility and put others before ourselves, just as Christ did. But how do we measure up to this calling? Below is a short quiz to help you reflect on your own tendencies. Are you displaying narcissistic traits, or is humility a consistent part of your life? Take a few moments to assess where you stand and consider how you can continue to grow in biblical humility.

Narcissism vs. Humility Quiz

Narcissism vs. Humility Quiz

Yes
No
Always
Sometimes
Rarely
Yes
No
Frequently
Occasionally
Rarely
Yes
Sometimes
No

Practical Application: How Christians Can Guard Against Narcissism

Recognizing narcissism and its harmful effects is one thing, but actively guarding against it in our lives is another. Thankfully, the Bible not only warns against self-centeredness, but it also provides practical steps we can take to live lives of humility, service, and love. Here are some ways we can apply biblical teachings to ensure that we don’t fall into the trap of narcissism.

Self-Examination and Humility Before God

One of the most effective ways to guard against narcissism is through self-examination. The Bible encourages us to regularly evaluate our hearts and motives to ensure we are not driven by pride or selfish ambition. James 4:10 teaches, “Humble yourselves before the Lord, and He will lift you up.”

This humility is not just a one-time act but an ongoing posture of the heart. It requires us to ask God to reveal any areas in our lives where pride or self-centeredness might be taking root. In prayer, we can ask for the grace to see ourselves as God sees us—not higher or lower than others, but as equal members of the body of Christ.

Building Empathy and Practicing Compassion

Narcissism thrives on a lack of empathy and an inability to see the needs of others. The Bible calls us to the opposite: to actively practice compassion and empathy. Colossians 3:12-14 provides a beautiful blueprint for this kind of behavior: “Therefore, as God’s chosen people, holy and dearly loved, clothe yourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience. Bear with each other and forgive one another... And over all these virtues put on love, which binds them all together in perfect unity.”

It we intentionally focus on the needs and emotions of those around us, we cultivate a heart that seeks to serve rather than to be served. Whether it’s a small act of kindness, a word of encouragement, or simply taking time to listen to someone, these acts of empathy actively work against the self-centeredness of narcissism.

The Role of Christian Community and Accountability

One of the most effective ways to guard against narcissism is by surrounding ourselves with a healthy Christian community. Galatians 6:2 teaches, “Carry each other’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ.” Being part of a church or small group where we can serve, be served, and hold one another accountable is crucial.

In a Christian community, we are encouraged to put others’ needs before our own and are reminded that we are part of a larger body. This also helps us maintain humility, as true community fosters a sense of belonging and interdependence, rather than self-sufficiency or superiority. Furthermore, having trusted friends or mentors who can lovingly point out when we’re falling into pride or self-centered behavior helps keep us on the right path.

Daily Prayer and Surrender

Lastly, guarding against narcissism requires a daily commitment to prayer and surrender to God’s will. Each day brings new opportunities to either focus on ourselves or to focus on God and others. If we start our day with prayer and ask for God’s guidance, we can align our hearts with His purposes.

In Luke 9:23, Jesus says, “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross daily and follow me.” Denying oneself doesn’t mean ignoring one’s needs or well-being; rather, it means prioritizing God’s will and the needs of others above our own selfish desires. Daily prayer and surrender help us remember that our ultimate purpose is to serve God and others, not ourselves.

If we practice self-examination, build empathy, engage in Christian community, and commit to daily prayer and surrender, we can effectively guard against narcissism and cultivate a life marked by humility and love. This, in turn, allows us to better reflect the heart of Christ to those around us.

Conclusion

The Bible has much to say about narcissism, even though it doesn’t use the modern term. The Scriptures consistently warn against pride, selfishness, and self-exaltation, offering countless examples of individuals who fell victim to these behaviors and suffered the consequences. Whether it’s King Saul’s jealousy, the Pharisees’ self-righteousness, or Lucifer’s rebellion, the message is clear: a life focused on oneself leads to spiritual ruin.

Nonetheless, the Bible also offers us a remedy to narcissism—humility and love. Jesus Christ, through His life, death, and resurrection, demonstrated the ultimate humility by serving rather than being served. He calls us to follow His example by loving God and loving others, seeking to serve those around us rather than pursuing our own interests.

Guarding against narcissism requires intentional effort. Through self-examination, empathy, community, and daily surrender to God, we can cultivate a life marked by humility and service. In doing so, we not only reflect the heart of Christ but also fulfill our calling to love and serve others as He commanded.

As we go forward, let us continually strive to put others before ourselves, trusting that as we humble ourselves before God, He will lift us up in due time.

Take a moment to reflect: In what areas of your life do you struggle with pride or self-centeredness? How can you practice humility this week?

Lord, help me to follow in the footsteps of Christ, embracing humility and serving others rather than seeking my own glory.


Further Reading and Resources:

"From Pride to Humility: A Biblical Perspective " by Stuart Scott
This book is a highly regarded resource for understanding the biblical approach to overcoming pride. Stuart Scott offers practical steps to replace pride with God-centered humility, making it an essential resource for anyone seeking to align their life with Christian virtues.

"Mere Christianity" by C.S. Lewis
In this classic work, C.S. Lewis discusses the nature of pride and humility in Christian life, offering insights into how Christians can combat pride by focusing on God's grace. His clear explanation of Christian humility serves as a helpful counter to narcissism.

"The Exemplary Husband: A Biblical Perspective" by Stuart Scott
This more comprehensive work by Stuart Scott includes a section on the manifestations of pride and how to cultivate humility in personal and relational contexts. It's widely used in biblical counseling and offers practical, scriptural advice.

"Humility: True Greatness" by C.J. Mahaney
This book is a concise and engaging resource for anyone wanting to understand how biblical humility is the path to true greatness in God's eyes. It serves as an excellent guide for reflecting on Christ-like humility in daily life.

"The Freedom of Self-Forgetfulness" by Timothy Keller
This short but impactful book focuses on Paul's teachings in 1 Corinthians and encourages readers to find freedom in humility by "forgetting themselves" and focusing on Christ. It's an excellent resource for understanding how true Christian humility contrasts with self-centeredness and narcissistic tendencies.

"Humility: The Beauty of Holiness" by Andrew Murray
In this classic Christian work, Andrew Murray explores the importance of humility in the Christian life and how it mirrors the character of Christ. Murray’s deep spiritual insights make this a must-read for those seeking to develop humility and overcome pride.

"Counterfeit Gods: The Empty Promises of Money, Sex, and Power, and the Only Hope That Matters" by Timothy Keller
This book delves into how pride and idolatry of self (a key aspect of narcissism) can manifest in the pursuit of money, success, and power. Keller offers biblical answers to overcoming these worldly desires and turning toward a God-centered life.

"The Prideful Soul's Guide to Humility" by Thomas Jones and Michael Fontenot
This book takes a practical approach to identifying pride in one's life and offers practical, biblical steps to developing true humility. It’s a great resource for those who want a clear, step-by-step guide on transforming pride into humility.

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19 Comments

  1. Maggie Lynn

    Really loved the part about Christ’s humility. Its something we need more of in the world. Great reminder Sam!

    Reply
    • Sam

      Thank you so much! I completely agree—Christ’s humility is such a powerful example for us, and it’s definitely something the world could use more of today. I’m glad that part resonated with you. Thanks for your kind words and for reading!

      Reply
  2. TJ

    I’m curious how you see modern examples of narcissism comparing to those biblical ones. It’s like, do you think the digital age amplifies narcissistic tendencies?

    Reply
    • Sam

      Great question! I do think there are some clear parallels between the narcissistic traits we see in the Bible and modern-day examples, especially in our digital age. In the Bible, we see individuals driven by pride, selfishness, and a desire for power or admiration, much like today. The difference is that now, with social media and constant online exposure, it’s easier for people to seek attention and validation, which can amplify those tendencies.

      The digital age can definitely create an environment that encourages self-promotion and comparison, which can feed into narcissistic behaviors. But I think the timeless biblical lessons on humility and selflessness are more important than ever to help counter that. It’s a great reminder to be mindful of how we live out those values today. Thanks for your thought-provoking question!

      Reply
  3. Becca.

    This article brings up some good points, especially about the Pharisees’ self-righteousness. It’s like today, we see people acting superior because of what they have or know. It’s a good call to check ourselves and practice humility.

    Reply
    • Sam

      Thank you for your thoughtful comment! You’re absolutely right—just like the Pharisees’ self-righteousness, we still see that kind of superiority today. It’s a great reminder for all of us to stay humble and check our hearts. I appreciate you sharing your reflection!

      Reply
  4. karenwalker

    great read, thanks for sharing

    Reply
    • Sam

      You are very welcome 🙂

      Reply
  5. Gary_S

    While I agree with the premise that humility and love are antidotes to narcissism, I’m not convinced all examples cited can be directly linked to narcissism in the biblical context. For instance, King Saul’s actions could be interpreted more as acts of desperation rather than pure narcissism.

    Reply
    • Sam

      Thank you for sharing your perspective! You bring up a great point about King Saul—his actions could indeed be seen as stemming from desperation rather than outright narcissism. The line between pride, insecurity, and desperation can sometimes be blurry in both biblical and modern contexts. I appreciate your thoughtful approach to interpreting these examples, and I agree that humility and love remain powerful antidotes to many harmful behaviors, whatever the root cause may be. Thanks again for your insightful comment!

      Reply
    • LisaMarie

      Interesting point, Gary. Do you think there’s a modern parallel to Saul’s desperation that could be misidentified as narcissism?

      Reply
    • Gary_S

      Absolutely, LisaMarie. Many actions today might stem from an underlying fear or insecurity, rather than a narcissistic personality.

      Reply
  6. JordanP

    never thought about lucifer like that but makes sense. kinda scary tho

    Reply
    • Sam

      I’m glad the article gave you a new perspective! I understand how it can feel a bit scary, but it’s also a powerful reminder of the importance of humility and staying close to God’s truth. Thank you for sharing your thoughts!

      Reply
  7. Dave R.

    It’s an okay read. Would’ve liked more on how to practically fight against narcissism in daily life, beyond just being humble.

    Reply
    • Sam

      Thank you for your honest feedback! I appreciate your point about wanting more practical ways to fight against narcissism in daily life. Along with humility, things like practicing active listening, showing empathy, and regularly reflecting on our motives can help keep self-centered tendencies in check. I’ll definitely consider adding more practical tips in the future. Thanks again for sharing your thoughts!

      Reply
  8. EmilyAnne

    Sam, your exploration of narcissism through biblical stories is thought-provoking and sheds light on how ancient wisdom can guide us in combating self-centered behaviors today. The juxtaposition of humility and narcissism offers a powerful lens for self-reflection.

    Reply
    • Sam

      Thank you so much for your thoughtful comment! I’m really glad you found the exploration of narcissism through biblical stories thought-provoking. The contrast between humility and narcissism is such an important theme in Scripture, and it’s wonderful to hear that it offered a meaningful lens for self-reflection. I appreciate you sharing your insights!

      Reply
    • MarkT

      Exactly my thoughts too!

      Reply

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